Overview
CVE-2025-12119 is a medium severity vulnerability affecting the MongoDB C driver. This vulnerability allows a `mongoc_bulk_operation_t` to potentially read invalid memory when large options are passed during its operation. This can lead to unexpected behavior, crashes, or potentially sensitive information disclosure. This issue affects applications using the vulnerable driver and could impact the stability and security of MongoDB deployments.
Technical Details
The vulnerability stems from how the `mongoc_bulk_operation_t` handles large option inputs. Under specific conditions, when processing these options, the driver may attempt to access memory outside the allocated bounds, resulting in a read of invalid memory. The precise conditions that trigger this vulnerability are related to the size and structure of the options passed to the bulk operation functions.
CVSS Analysis
- Severity: MEDIUM
- CVSS Score: 6.8
A CVSS score of 6.8 indicates a medium severity vulnerability. While not as critical as a high or critical vulnerability, it still requires attention and prompt patching. The exploitation of this vulnerability requires specific input conditions, which may limit the scope of potential attacks. However, successful exploitation can still lead to significant disruptions.
Possible Impact
Exploitation of CVE-2025-12119 can have several negative impacts:
- Application Crashes: Reading invalid memory can lead to unexpected program termination.
- Data Corruption: In some scenarios, the vulnerability might indirectly lead to data corruption within the MongoDB database.
- Information Disclosure: Although less likely, there’s a possibility of leaking sensitive data residing in the memory being read.
- Denial of Service: Repeated exploitation could result in a denial-of-service condition.
Mitigation or Patch Steps
The recommended mitigation is to upgrade to a patched version of the MongoDB C driver. The following versions contain the fix for CVE-2025-12119:
- MongoDB C Driver: Upgrade to version 1.30.6 or later.
- MongoDB C Driver: Upgrade to version 2.1.2 or later.
- MongoDB PHP Driver: Upgrade to version 1.21.2 or later (if applicable).
If upgrading immediately is not feasible, carefully review the input parameters passed to `mongoc_bulk_operation_t` to avoid providing excessively large options, although this is not a guaranteed workaround.
References
MongoDB C Driver Release 1.30.6
MongoDB C Driver Release 2.1.2
MongoDB PHP Driver Release 1.21.2
