Overview
CVE-2025-58034 is a high-severity OS Command Injection vulnerability affecting Fortinet FortiWeb web application firewalls. This vulnerability allows an authenticated attacker to execute arbitrary code on the underlying system by injecting malicious commands through crafted HTTP requests or CLI commands. Successful exploitation can lead to complete system compromise.
Technical Details
The vulnerability stems from improper neutralization of special elements within OS commands [CWE-78]. Specifically, the FortiWeb software fails to adequately sanitize user-supplied input before passing it to the operating system for execution. An attacker with valid authentication credentials can leverage this flaw by injecting malicious shell commands into parameters within HTTP requests or through the CLI. The injected commands are then executed with the privileges of the FortiWeb process, potentially granting the attacker full control over the device.
Affected FortiWeb versions include:
- 8.0.0 through 8.0.1
- 7.6.0 through 7.6.5
- 7.4.0 through 7.4.10
- 7.2.0 through 7.2.11
- 7.0.0 through 7.0.11
CVSS Analysis
The Common Vulnerability Scoring System (CVSS) assigns CVE-2025-58034 a score of 7.2, indicating a high severity vulnerability.
- CVSS Score: 7.2
- Vector: (Detailed vector string will be included here when available on NIST)
This score reflects the potential for significant impact, including complete system compromise, and the relative ease with which the vulnerability can be exploited by an authenticated attacker.
Possible Impact
Successful exploitation of CVE-2025-58034 can have severe consequences:
- Complete System Compromise: An attacker can gain full control of the FortiWeb appliance.
- Data Breach: Sensitive data stored on or processed by the FortiWeb device could be accessed and exfiltrated.
- Malware Installation: The attacker can install malware, backdoors, or other malicious software.
- Denial of Service: The attacker can disrupt FortiWeb services, leading to a denial of service for protected web applications.
- Lateral Movement: A compromised FortiWeb appliance can be used as a stepping stone to attack other systems on the network.
Mitigation and Patch Steps
The primary mitigation strategy is to upgrade your FortiWeb installation to a patched version as soon as possible. Fortinet has released fixes for this vulnerability. Refer to the official Fortinet advisory for details on the specific patched versions and upgrade instructions.
In the interim, consider the following temporary mitigation steps (although patching remains the priority):
- Restrict Access: Limit access to the FortiWeb management interface to only authorized personnel and networks.
- Monitor Logs: Closely monitor FortiWeb logs for suspicious activity, such as unusual commands or failed login attempts.
- Web Application Firewall (WAF) Rules: If possible, deploy custom WAF rules to detect and block attempts to inject OS commands.
