CVE-2025-13118: Critical Improper Authorization Vulnerability in macrozheng mall-swarm Exposes Order Data

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Overview

CVE-2025-13118 is a critical improper authorization vulnerability affecting macrozheng mall-swarm up to version 1.0.3. This vulnerability resides in the paySuccess function of the /order/paySuccess endpoint. Successful exploitation allows a remote attacker to manipulate the orderID argument, potentially gaining unauthorized access to order information and potentially manipulating order status. A public exploit is currently available, increasing the urgency for mitigation. Attempts to contact the vendor regarding this vulnerability have been unsuccessful.

Technical Details

The vulnerability stems from a lack of sufficient authorization checks within the paySuccess function. Specifically, the function fails to adequately verify that the user making the request has the necessary permissions to access or modify the specified order. An attacker can manipulate the orderID parameter in the /order/paySuccess request to target orders belonging to other users.

Example vulnerable code snippet (Illustrative):

            // Vulnerable Code (Illustrative - may not be exact)
            function paySuccess(orderID) {
                // Insecure: No validation if the user owns the order.
                order = getOrder(orderID);
                order.status = "PAID";
                saveOrder(order);
                // ... further processing
            }

In this illustrative example, the code directly retrieves and updates the order based solely on the provided orderID, without verifying the user’s authorization to perform this action. This allows an attacker to potentially mark any order as “PAID,” regardless of whether they initiated the payment.

CVSS Analysis

Due to the vendor’s lack of response, a CVSS score has not been officially assigned. However, given the ease of exploitation (a public exploit exists) and the potential for significant impact (unauthorized access to order data, potential manipulation of order status), a CVSS score in the Critical range is highly likely. A likely CVSS v3.1 vector might be: AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N. This translates to: Network attack vector, low attack complexity, no privileges required, no user interaction, unchanged scope, high confidentiality impact, high integrity impact, and no availability impact. Note that this is an estimation based on the publicly available information.

Possible Impact

The exploitation of CVE-2025-13118 can lead to significant consequences:

  • Unauthorized Access to Order Data: Attackers can view sensitive order information, including customer details, addresses, and purchased items.
  • Order Status Manipulation: Attackers can mark orders as paid, potentially receiving goods or services without payment.
  • Reputational Damage: A successful attack can severely damage the reputation of the online store.
  • Financial Loss: The manipulation of order statuses can lead to direct financial losses.

Mitigation and Patch Steps

Since the vendor has not provided a patch, the following mitigation steps are recommended:

  1. Implement Robust Authorization Checks: The most crucial step is to implement strict authorization checks within the paySuccess function (and any other functions handling sensitive order data). Verify that the user making the request is authorized to access or modify the specified order. This typically involves checking the user’s ID against the order’s owner ID.
  2. Input Validation: Implement thorough input validation on the orderID parameter. Ensure it conforms to the expected format and length.
  3. Rate Limiting: Implement rate limiting on the /order/paySuccess endpoint to prevent brute-force attacks.
  4. Web Application Firewall (WAF): Deploy a WAF to detect and block malicious requests targeting this vulnerability. Configure the WAF with rules to identify and block requests attempting to manipulate the orderID parameter.
  5. Monitor Logs: Actively monitor application logs for suspicious activity related to the /order/paySuccess endpoint. Look for patterns of unauthorized access attempts.
  6. Consider Migrating: If possible, consider migrating to a more actively maintained e-commerce platform.

References

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