Malware – short for malicious software refers to any software intentionally designed to damage, disrupt, or gain unauthorized access to a computer system, network, or device.
Malware can steal information, spy on users, encrypt or delete data, and even take control of systems. It spreads through infected websites, email attachments, USB drives, or software downloads. Cybercriminals use malware to make money, cause harm, or gain political advantage.
Common Types of Malware:
- Virus: Attaches itself to legitimate programs and replicates when the program runs.
- Worm: Self-replicates and spreads through networks without human action.
- Trojan Horse: Disguises itself as a legitimate file or app but performs harmful actions.
- Spyware: Secretly monitors user activity and steals information.
- Ransomware: Locks or encrypts files and demands payment to restore access.
- Adware: Displays unwanted ads or tracks user behavior for profit.
- Rootkit: Hides deep inside the system to maintain privileged access.
Prevention Tips:
- Keep your operating system and software updated.
- Use trusted antivirus and anti-malware tools.
- Avoid opening unknown email attachments or links.
- Download software only from verified sources.
- Regularly back up important data.