Overview
A critical security vulnerability, identified as CVE-2025-12026, has been discovered in WatchGuard Fireware OS. This is an Out-of-bounds Write vulnerability in WatchGuard Fireware OS’s certificate request command could allow an authenticated privileged user to execute arbitrary code via specially crafted CLI commands. This article provides a detailed analysis of the vulnerability, its potential impact, and the necessary mitigation steps.
Technical Details
CVE-2025-12026 is an Out-of-bounds Write vulnerability affecting the certificate request command within the WatchGuard Fireware OS command-line interface (CLI). An authenticated user with sufficient privileges can exploit this flaw by sending specially crafted CLI commands related to certificate requests. This allows the attacker to write data beyond the allocated memory buffer, potentially overwriting critical system data or injecting malicious code.
Affected Versions:
- Fireware OS 12.0 up to and including 12.11.4
- Fireware OS 12.5 up to and including 12.5.13
- Fireware OS 2025.1 up to and including 2025.1.2
CVSS Analysis
The CVSS score for CVE-2025-12026 is currently N/A. While the score isn’t available, given the potential for arbitrary code execution, it is likely to be a high-severity vulnerability. We will update this section when the official CVSS score is released.
Possible Impact
Successful exploitation of CVE-2025-12026 can have severe consequences, including:
- Arbitrary Code Execution: An attacker can execute arbitrary code on the affected device, potentially gaining complete control of the system.
- System Compromise: The attacker can compromise the entire WatchGuard Fireware OS, gaining access to sensitive data and potentially disrupting network services.
- Data Breach: Sensitive data stored on or passing through the affected device could be exposed.
- Denial of Service (DoS): The attacker could crash the system, leading to a denial of service.
Mitigation and Patch Steps
WatchGuard has released patches to address this vulnerability. It is strongly recommended to upgrade your Fireware OS to a patched version as soon as possible.
- Upgrade Fireware OS: Upgrade to a version beyond the affected versions specified above. Refer to the WatchGuard website for the latest versions and upgrade instructions.
- Review User Privileges: Limit access to the CLI to only authorized personnel with the necessary privileges.
- Monitor System Logs: Regularly monitor system logs for any suspicious activity related to certificate requests or CLI commands.
References
- WatchGuard Security Advisory: https://www.watchguard.com/wgrd-psirt/advisory/wgsa-2025-00017
