Overview
CVE-2025-56427 describes a directory traversal vulnerability discovered in ComposioHQ version 0.7.20. This vulnerability allows a remote, unauthenticated attacker to potentially access sensitive information by exploiting the _download_file_or_dir function. By crafting malicious requests, an attacker can bypass intended security restrictions and read arbitrary files on the server’s file system.
Technical Details
The vulnerability resides within the _download_file_or_dir function, likely due to insufficient sanitization or validation of user-supplied input, specifically related to file paths. An attacker can manipulate the input to include directory traversal sequences (e.g., ../) to navigate outside the intended directory and access restricted files. The specific location in the code is python/composio/server/api.py#L278.
The Proof of Concept (PoC) for this vulnerability is detailed in a separate report from TOAST Research. Analyzing this PoC allows a deeper understanding of the attack vector and exploit mechanisms.
CVSS Analysis
Currently, a CVSS score is not available for CVE-2025-56427. However, given the nature of directory traversal vulnerabilities and the potential for sensitive information disclosure, it’s likely to be rated as either Medium or High severity once a score is assigned. A lack of authentication significantly increases the risk. We will update this post when the CVSS score becomes available.
Update: We are monitoring the National Vulnerability Database (NVD) and other sources for the official CVSS score and vector.
Possible Impact
Successful exploitation of this vulnerability could lead to several detrimental consequences:
- Sensitive Information Disclosure: Attackers could gain access to configuration files, database credentials, source code, or other sensitive data stored on the server.
- Data Breach: The exposed information could be used to further compromise the system or launch attacks against other users or systems.
- System Compromise: Depending on the nature of the exposed files, an attacker might be able to gain control of the server.
Mitigation or Patch Steps
To mitigate this vulnerability, the following steps are recommended:
- Upgrade: Upgrade to the latest version of ComposioHQ as soon as a patch is released by the vendor. Check the ComposioHQ website for updates.
- Input Validation: Implement robust input validation and sanitization on all user-supplied input, especially file paths. Ensure that directory traversal sequences (e.g.,
../) are properly filtered. - Path Canonicalization: Use path canonicalization techniques to resolve symbolic links and ensure that the requested file path is within the intended directory.
- Principle of Least Privilege: Ensure that the application runs with the minimum necessary privileges to access files.
- Web Application Firewall (WAF): Implement a Web Application Firewall (WAF) with rules to detect and prevent directory traversal attacks. Configure the WAF to block requests containing suspicious path sequences.
