Overview
CVE-2025-2848 is a medium-severity vulnerability affecting Synology Mail Server. Successful exploitation could allow a remote, authenticated attacker to read and write non-sensitive configuration settings and disable certain non-critical functions within the Mail Server application.
This vulnerability highlights the importance of proper access control and input validation, even for authenticated users. While the impact is limited to non-sensitive settings and non-critical functions, it could still be leveraged to disrupt service or gather information for further attacks.
Technical Details
The specific technical details of the vulnerability are not publicly available beyond the general description provided by Synology. However, the ability to read and write settings suggests a potential flaw in the access control mechanism or input sanitization. It is likely that the vulnerability stems from insufficient validation of user-provided data when modifying configuration parameters.
While the affected settings are classified as “non-sensitive,” manipulation of these settings could potentially lead to a denial-of-service (DoS) condition or alter the expected behavior of the Mail Server.
CVSS Analysis
The vulnerability has been assigned a CVSS score of 6.3, indicating a MEDIUM severity. This score reflects the following factors:
- Attack Vector: Network (AV:N)
- Attack Complexity: Low (AC:L)
- Privileges Required: Low (PR:L) – Authentication Required
- User Interaction: None (UI:N)
- Scope: Unchanged (S:U)
- Confidentiality Impact: Low (C:L)
- Integrity Impact: Low (I:L)
- Availability Impact: Low (A:L)
The score reflects the fact that the attacker needs to be authenticated to exploit the vulnerability and the impact is limited. However, the low attack complexity makes exploitation relatively easy once authentication is achieved.
Possible Impact
Although the vulnerability is classified as medium severity, the potential impact should not be underestimated. An attacker successfully exploiting this vulnerability could:
- Modify non-sensitive configuration settings, potentially disrupting mail server functionality.
- Disable non-critical functions, further degrading service.
- Potentially use the altered settings to gather information for further attacks or reconnaissance.
- Use the vulnerability as a stepping stone to access other more sensitive parts of the system (though this is not directly implied by the vulnerability description).
Mitigation and Patch Steps
The primary mitigation strategy is to update your Synology Mail Server to the latest version as soon as possible. Synology has released a patch to address this vulnerability. Refer to the Synology Security Advisory for specific version information and update instructions.
- Apply the Patch: Update your Synology Mail Server to the version specified in the Synology Security Advisory SA-25-05.
- Review Logs: Monitor Synology Mail Server logs for any suspicious activity.
- Enforce Strong Passwords: Ensure all user accounts have strong and unique passwords to prevent unauthorized access.
- Enable Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA): If available, enable MFA for all user accounts to add an extra layer of security.
References
- Synology Security Advisory: https://www.synology.com/en-global/security/advisory/Synology_SA_25_05
- CVE Details: (This should be a link to a proper CVE details page. As this is a future CVE, the link below serves as an example for a past CVE) https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-31497
