Overview
CVE-2025-63529 describes a medium-severity session fixation vulnerability identified in Blood Bank Management System version 1.0. This vulnerability resides within the login.php file and allows a malicious attacker to predetermine or manipulate a user’s session identifier before the user authenticates. Upon successful login, the application inadvertently continues to use the attacker-controlled session ID, leading to potential session hijacking and unauthorized access to the victim’s account.
Technical Details
The vulnerability stems from the lack of proper session ID regeneration upon successful user authentication within the login.php script. A session fixation attack works by the attacker first obtaining a valid session ID (typically by simply visiting the login page). The attacker then tricks the victim into authenticating using that session ID. This can be accomplished through various means, such as sending the session ID via a manipulated URL. If the application doesn’t regenerate the session ID after successful login, the attacker can then use the pre-set session ID to impersonate the authenticated victim.
In this specific case, the Blood Bank Management System 1.0 fails to invalidate or regenerate the session ID upon successful authentication. This means an attacker can set a session ID, induce a user to log in, and then access the user’s account by using the same session ID.
CVSS Analysis
- CVSS Score: 6.1 (Medium)
- Vector String: Likely AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N (This is an approximation, the actual vector may differ slightly)
This CVSS score indicates a medium severity vulnerability. The attack requires user interaction (UI:R) to be successful, as the attacker needs to trick the user into using the predetermined session ID. The impact is limited to low confidentiality (C:L) and low integrity (I:L), as the attacker can potentially view and modify some user data, but complete system takeover is unlikely. Availability is not directly impacted (A:N).
Possible Impact
Successful exploitation of this session fixation vulnerability can have significant consequences:
- Account Hijacking: Attackers can gain unauthorized access to user accounts.
- Data Breach: Sensitive data within the compromised account could be exposed.
- Unauthorized Actions: Attackers could perform actions on behalf of the compromised user, potentially leading to financial loss, reputation damage, or legal repercussions for the organization using the Blood Bank Management System.
Mitigation and Patch Steps
To mitigate this vulnerability, the following steps should be taken:
- Session ID Regeneration: The most critical step is to implement proper session ID regeneration upon successful user authentication in the
login.phpscript. This involves generating a new, unpredictable session ID after the user has successfully logged in and invalidating the old one. The PHP functionsession_regenerate_id(true)is typically used for this purpose. - Secure Session Handling: Ensure secure session handling practices are followed, including setting the
session.cookie_secureandsession.cookie_httponlyflags in the PHP configuration. - Input Validation and Sanitization: While not directly related to session fixation, implementing robust input validation and sanitization can prevent other potential vulnerabilities.
- Upgrade/Patch: If available, upgrade to a patched version of the Blood Bank Management System that addresses this vulnerability. Contact the vendor or maintainer for updates.
