Overview
CVE-2025-66420 describes a medium severity Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability affecting Tryton SAO (aka tryton-sao) versions prior to 7.6.9. This vulnerability allows attackers to inject malicious scripts into the context of a user’s browser by exploiting the handling of HTML attachments. Successfully exploiting this vulnerability could lead to session hijacking, sensitive data theft, or defacement of the application interface.
Technical Details
The vulnerability stems from insufficient sanitization of HTML content within attachments processed by Tryton SAO. An attacker can craft a malicious HTML attachment containing JavaScript code. When a user opens or previews this attachment within the Tryton SAO application, the injected script will execute in their browser session, effectively granting the attacker control within the user’s security context. This is a stored XSS vulnerability, as the malicious payload is stored within the application’s data.
Specifically, versions affected include:
- All versions before 7.6.9
- All versions before 7.4.19
- All versions before 7.0.38
- All versions before 6.0.67
CVSS Analysis
The Common Vulnerability Scoring System (CVSS) assigns CVE-2025-66420 a score of 5.4 (Medium).
This score reflects the following factors:
- Attack Vector (AV): Network (N) – The vulnerability is exploitable remotely.
- Attack Complexity (AC): Low (L) – Exploitation is relatively straightforward.
- Privileges Required (PR): None (N) – No privileges are required to exploit the vulnerability (although tricking a user to open the attachment is needed).
- User Interaction (UI): Required (R) – User interaction (opening the malicious attachment) is required for successful exploitation.
- Scope (S): Changed (C) – An exploited vulnerability can affect resources beyond the attacker’s control.
- Confidentiality Impact (C): Low (L) – Limited information disclosure.
- Integrity Impact (I): Low (L) – Limited modification of data.
- Availability Impact (A): None (N) – No impact on system availability.
Possible Impact
A successful XSS attack via CVE-2025-66420 can lead to:
- Session Hijacking: An attacker can steal a user’s session cookie and impersonate them within the Tryton SAO application.
- Data Theft: Sensitive information displayed within the application (e.g., customer data, financial records) could be accessed and exfiltrated by the attacker.
- Defacement: The application’s user interface can be modified to display misleading or malicious content.
- Malware Distribution: The attacker could use the compromised application to distribute malware to other users.
Mitigation or Patch Steps
The recommended mitigation is to upgrade your Tryton SAO instance to one of the following versions or later:
- 7.6.9
- 7.4.19
- 7.0.38
- 6.0.67
These versions contain the necessary fixes to properly sanitize HTML attachments and prevent XSS attacks.
If immediate upgrading is not possible, consider implementing temporary workarounds such as:
- Disabling HTML attachment previews within the Tryton SAO interface.
- Educating users about the risks of opening attachments from untrusted sources.
