Overview
CVE-2025-64128 is a critical OS command injection vulnerability identified in a yet-to-be-named product. This vulnerability arises from insufficient validation of user-supplied input, allowing an unauthenticated attacker to inject arbitrary commands. The vulnerability has been assigned a CVSS score of 10, highlighting its severity and potential impact.
Technical Details
The root cause of CVE-2025-64128 lies in the incomplete input validation of user-provided data. The affected software fails to enforce sufficient formatting rules, allowing attackers to append malicious commands to the input. Because the attacker is unauthenticated, no prior access is required.
Specifically, the vulnerability exists because the application does not properly sanitize or escape special characters or sequences that can be interpreted as OS commands by the underlying operating system. An attacker can exploit this by crafting a malicious input string that includes shell commands (e.g., using characters like ;, |, &&, or ||) which will then be executed by the server with the privileges of the running application.
Example vulnerable code (Illustrative):
// Vulnerable PHP code (Illustrative - actual code may vary)
$userInput = $_GET['input']; // Get input from a GET request
// Insecurely execute a command. No proper sanitization of $userInput
system("ping " . $userInput);
In the example above, an attacker could craft the URL ?input=8.8.8.8; rm -rf / to ping Google’s DNS server and then attempt to delete all files on the system. (This is a simplified example for demonstration purposes.)
CVSS Analysis
- CVSS Score: 10 (Critical)
- Vector String: To be determined based on the specific vulnerability details in the referenced CSAF. Check the CSAF link below.
- A CVSS score of 10 indicates the highest level of severity. This means the vulnerability is easily exploitable, requires no user interaction, and can lead to complete system compromise.
Possible Impact
Successful exploitation of CVE-2025-64128 can have severe consequences, including:
- Remote Code Execution (RCE): Attackers can execute arbitrary commands on the affected system.
- Data Breach: Sensitive data stored on the system could be accessed and exfiltrated.
- System Compromise: Attackers can gain full control of the system, leading to data loss, service disruption, or use of the compromised system for malicious purposes.
- Denial of Service (DoS): Attackers can crash or disable the system.
Mitigation or Patch Steps
- Apply the Patch: The primary mitigation step is to apply the security patch provided by the vendor as soon as it becomes available. Check the vendor’s website (mentioned in references) for the latest updates.
- Input Validation: Implement robust input validation and sanitization techniques. Use whitelisting to allow only expected characters and formats.
- Principle of Least Privilege: Ensure the application runs with the minimum necessary privileges to reduce the impact of a successful attack.
- Web Application Firewall (WAF): Deploy a WAF to detect and block malicious requests.
- Regular Security Audits: Conduct regular security audits and penetration testing to identify and address potential vulnerabilities.
