Overview
CVE-2025-65237 describes a reflected cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability found in OpenCode Systems USSD Gateway OC Release 5. This vulnerability allows attackers to inject malicious JavaScript code into the USSD Gateway’s web interface. When a user interacts with a manipulated URL, the injected script executes within their browser, potentially leading to sensitive data theft, session hijacking, or defacement of the application.
Technical Details
The vulnerability is a reflected XSS, meaning the malicious script is embedded in a request to the server. The server then includes the unsanitized script in its response, which is executed by the user’s browser. Specifically, a crafted payload can be injected through a vulnerable parameter in the USSD Gateway’s URL. This payload is then reflected back to the user without proper sanitization or encoding, leading to arbitrary JavaScript execution in the context of the user’s browser.
CVSS Analysis
As of the publication date of this article (2025-11-27), a CVSS score has not been assigned for CVE-2025-65237. This might be due to ongoing analysis or delayed reporting. However, based on the nature of a reflected XSS vulnerability, it is likely to be classified as medium to high severity, depending on the specific impact and attack vector.
Possible Impact
Successful exploitation of this XSS vulnerability could have significant consequences:
- Data Theft: Attackers can steal sensitive information such as cookies, session tokens, and personal data.
- Session Hijacking: Attackers can hijack user sessions and gain unauthorized access to the application.
- Defacement: Attackers can modify the appearance of the USSD Gateway’s web interface, potentially damaging the organization’s reputation.
- Malware Distribution: Attackers can inject malicious code that redirects users to websites hosting malware.
Mitigation or Patch Steps
To mitigate this vulnerability, OpenCode Systems USSD Gateway OC Release 5 users should take the following steps:
- Apply the Patch: Check for and install the latest security patch released by OpenCode Systems. This patch should address the input sanitization and output encoding issues that lead to the XSS vulnerability. Contact OpenCode Systems support for patch availability.
- Input Sanitization: Implement robust input sanitization techniques to prevent malicious code from being injected into the application. All user-supplied input should be validated and encoded before being displayed.
- Output Encoding: Encode all output to prevent the browser from interpreting user-supplied data as executable code.
- Web Application Firewall (WAF): Consider deploying a web application firewall (WAF) to detect and block XSS attacks.
- Regular Security Audits: Conduct regular security audits and penetration testing to identify and address potential vulnerabilities.
