Overview
CVE-2025-12881 identifies a medium severity Insecure Direct Object Reference (IDOR) vulnerability affecting the “Return Refund and Exchange For WooCommerce” plugin for WordPress. This vulnerability exists in versions up to and including 4.5.5. Authenticated attackers with Subscriber-level access or higher can exploit this vulnerability to read order messages belonging to other users.
Technical Details
The vulnerability lies within the wps_rma_fetch_order_msgs() function of the plugin. Due to a lack of proper validation on a user-controlled key (likely the order ID), an attacker can manipulate the request to access order messages associated with arbitrary order IDs. This effectively allows them to bypass authorization checks and view sensitive information meant for other users.
CVSS Analysis
- CVSS Score: 5.4 (Medium)
- CVSS Vector: AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (This vector is not provided, it is constructed based on the description)
- Explanation: The vulnerability is network accessible (AV:N), requires low attack complexity (AC:L), and requires low privileges (PR:L), meaning an attacker only needs a basic Subscriber role to exploit it. No user interaction is required (UI:N). The impact is limited to confidentiality (C:L), as attackers can only read data. There is no impact on integrity (I:N) or availability (A:N).
Possible Impact
Successful exploitation of this vulnerability could lead to:
- Unauthorized access to customer order details: Attackers can view order information, including products purchased, shipping addresses, and potentially customer communication related to the order.
- Privacy breaches: Exposure of personal information could violate privacy regulations and damage customer trust.
- Social Engineering: The attacker can use information to perform social engineering attacks.
Mitigation and Patch Steps
The recommended mitigation is to update the “Return Refund and Exchange For WooCommerce” plugin to the latest available version. The vulnerability has been patched in later versions of the plugin. Follow these steps:
- Log in to your WordPress admin dashboard.
- Navigate to Plugins > Installed Plugins.
- Locate the “Return Refund and Exchange For WooCommerce” plugin.
- If an update is available, click the Update Now button.
- Verify that the updated version is higher than 4.5.5.
If you cannot update immediately, consider temporarily deactivating the plugin until you can apply the update.
References
WordPress Trac Changeset
Wordfence Threat Intelligence Report
