Overview
This article provides a detailed analysis of CVE-2025-13936, a stored Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability affecting WatchGuard Fireware OS. This vulnerability, present in the Tigerpaw Technology Integration module, could allow attackers to inject malicious scripts into the system, potentially leading to unauthorized access and data compromise. It’s crucial for WatchGuard users to understand the implications of this vulnerability and take immediate steps to mitigate the risk.
Technical Details
CVE-2025-13936 is classified as an Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation (XSS) vulnerability. Specifically, it is a stored XSS vulnerability. This means that the malicious script injected by an attacker is permanently stored on the server (WatchGuard Fireware OS) and executed whenever a user accesses the affected page or feature.
The vulnerability lies within the Tigerpaw Technology Integration module. Input provided to this module is not properly sanitized before being rendered in a web page. This allows an attacker to inject arbitrary JavaScript code. The affected versions of WatchGuard Fireware OS are:
- 12.4 up to and including 12.11.4
- 12.5 up to and including 12.5.13
- 2025.1 up to and including 2025.1.2
CVSS Analysis
The CVSS score for CVE-2025-13936 is currently listed as N/A. However, given that this is a stored XSS vulnerability, it’s likely to be scored as at least a Medium severity. A successful exploit could have significant impact. We will update this article when an official CVSS score is published.
Possible Impact
A successful XSS attack via CVE-2025-13936 can have several severe consequences, including:
- Account Takeover: An attacker could steal user session cookies or credentials, gaining complete control over user accounts.
- Data Theft: Sensitive data stored within the Fireware OS interface could be accessed and exfiltrated.
- Malware Distribution: The attacker could inject malicious scripts that redirect users to phishing sites or download malware onto their devices.
- Defacement: The web pages could be defaced, disrupting normal operations and damaging the organization’s reputation.
- Privilege Escalation: The attacker might be able to escalate privileges within the system, gaining administrative access.
Mitigation and Patch Steps
The primary mitigation strategy is to upgrade WatchGuard Fireware OS to a version that is not affected by this vulnerability. According to the WatchGuard advisory, updating to a patched version is crucial.
Specific actions to take:
- Immediately apply the official patch released by WatchGuard. Refer to the WatchGuard advisory for details on the specific versions and download links.
- Disable the Tigerpaw Technology Integration module if it is not being used. This will prevent the vulnerability from being exploited.
- Monitor your WatchGuard Fireware OS logs for any suspicious activity that might indicate an attempted exploit.
- Educate users about the risks of XSS attacks and the importance of not clicking on suspicious links or entering sensitive information on untrusted websites.
