Seafile Security Alert: CVE-2025-41080 – Stored XSS Vulnerability

Overview

This article details CVE-2025-41080, a stored Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability identified in Seafile version 12.0.10. This vulnerability allows malicious actors to inject and store arbitrary JavaScript code within the Seafile application. When unsuspecting users interact with the compromised data, the injected script executes within their browser context, potentially leading to data theft, session hijacking, or other malicious activities.

Technical Details

The vulnerability exists within the file upload API endpoint. Specifically, the /api/v2.1/repos/{repo_id}/file/ endpoint is susceptible to stored XSS attacks due to insufficient sanitization and validation of user-supplied data. An attacker can inject malicious JavaScript code by crafting a POST request with the p parameter containing the payload. This payload is then stored within the Seafile repository. When a user accesses or previews the file containing the injected code, the XSS payload is triggered.

Successful exploitation of this vulnerability allows an attacker to execute arbitrary JavaScript code in the victim’s browser.

CVSS Analysis

Currently, a CVSS score has not been assigned to CVE-2025-41080. The severity is listed as N/A. However, given the nature of stored XSS vulnerabilities and their potential impact, it is crucial to address this issue promptly. Once a CVSS score is available, this section will be updated.

Possible Impact

Exploitation of this stored XSS vulnerability can lead to severe consequences, including:

• Data Theft: An attacker could steal sensitive data from the user’s browser, such as cookies, session tokens, or stored credentials.
• Session Hijacking: By stealing session cookies, an attacker can hijack a user’s session and impersonate them within the Seafile application.
• Phishing Attacks: The injected script can be used to display fake login forms or redirect users to malicious websites, tricking them into revealing their credentials.
• Website Defacement: An attacker could modify the appearance of the Seafile interface, potentially damaging the organization’s reputation.
• Malware Distribution: The injected script can be used to distribute malware to unsuspecting users.

Mitigation and Patch Steps

To mitigate the risk posed by CVE-2025-41080, it is highly recommended to:

1. Upgrade to a patched version of Seafile: Check the Seafile website for available updates or patches that address this vulnerability. Newer versions released after 12.0.10 should include fixes.
2. Implement Input Validation and Output Encoding: If patching is not immediately feasible, implement robust input validation and output encoding mechanisms to prevent the injection of malicious JavaScript code. This should be done on both the client-side and server-side.
3. Web Application Firewall (WAF): Deploy a WAF to detect and block XSS attacks. Configure the WAF to filter out potentially malicious payloads in the p parameter of the /api/v2.1/repos/{repo_id}/file/ endpoint.
4. Regular Security Audits: Conduct regular security audits and penetration testing to identify and address vulnerabilities in your Seafile deployment.

References

INCIBE-CERT Advisory: Multiple vulnerabilities in Seafile