Published: 2025-12-04T18:15:51.123
Overview
CVE-2025-63363 describes a security vulnerability in the Waveshare RS232/485 TO WIFI ETH (B) Serial to Ethernet/Wi-Fi Gateway Firmware V3.1.1.0: HW 4.3.2.1: Webpage V7.04T.07.002880.0301. This vulnerability stems from a lack of Management Frame Protection (MFP), allowing attackers to execute deauthentication attacks against devices connected through the gateway.
Technical Details
The vulnerability lies in the device’s failure to implement proper protection for Wi-Fi management frames. Specifically, the gateway does not enforce authentication or encryption for deauthentication and disassociation frames. This allows a malicious actor within range of the Wi-Fi network to inject crafted deauthentication packets, forcibly disconnecting clients from the network through the Waveshare gateway. The absence of MFP means these attacks can be executed without requiring the attacker to authenticate or decrypt any existing traffic.
CVSS Analysis
Currently, the severity and CVSS score for CVE-2025-63363 are listed as N/A. However, the potential impact suggests a moderate to high risk, depending on the criticality of the devices connected through the vulnerable gateway. A successful deauthentication attack can disrupt network connectivity and potentially lead to denial-of-service (DoS) scenarios.
Possible Impact
The impact of this vulnerability can range from temporary network disruptions to more severe consequences, depending on the devices relying on the Waveshare gateway:
- Denial of Service (DoS): Attackers can repeatedly disconnect devices, rendering them unusable.
- Data Interception: While not a direct result of deauthentication, persistent disconnections can create opportunities for attackers to launch man-in-the-middle (MitM) attacks during reconnection attempts if other security measures are weak.
- Industrial Control System (ICS) Disruption: If the gateway is used to connect critical ICS devices, deauthentication attacks can disrupt industrial processes, potentially leading to equipment damage or safety hazards.
- Loss of Connectivity: Any device utilizing the gateway to connect to the internet or a local network will suffer connection interruptions.
Mitigation or Patch Steps
Unfortunately, without an official patch from Waveshare, mitigation options are limited. Here are some potential steps to consider:
- Network Segmentation: Isolate the network segment where the Waveshare gateway is deployed. This limits the impact of a successful attack to that specific segment.
- MAC Address Filtering: Implement MAC address filtering on the Wi-Fi access point to restrict access to authorized devices only. However, this can be bypassed with MAC address spoofing.
- Monitor Wireless Activity: Implement a Wireless Intrusion Detection System (WIDS) to monitor for suspicious activity, such as excessive deauthentication frames.
- Contact Waveshare Support: Request a firmware update that addresses the lack of Management Frame Protection. Demand a fix from the vendor.
- Replace the Device: If a patch is not available and the risk is deemed too high, consider replacing the vulnerable gateway with a more secure alternative that supports MFP.
