Overview
CVE-2025-58480 is a MEDIUM severity vulnerability affecting Samsung devices. It is a heap-based buffer overflow found in the libimagecodec.quram.so library. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to potentially access out-of-bounds memory, leading to possible code execution or denial-of-service.
The vulnerability was published on 2025-12-02 and is addressed in the SMR Dec-2025 Release 1 security update.
Technical Details
The vulnerability lies within the libimagecodec.quram.so library, which is likely responsible for handling a specific image format (potentially a proprietary or less common format). A heap-based buffer overflow occurs when processing a malformed or specially crafted image. Specifically, when the library allocates memory on the heap to store image data, the amount of memory allocated is insufficient to hold the complete data. This can lead to writing data beyond the allocated buffer, corrupting adjacent heap memory.
Exploitation requires a remote attacker to provide a malicious image file that triggers the overflow when processed by the vulnerable library. The exact mechanism of triggering the overflow depends on the specific implementation details within the library and the structure of the image format. While detailed exploitation specifics are not publicly available, analyzing the libimagecodec.quram.so library in a controlled environment could reveal the precise trigger.
Code snippet (Illustrative – Actual code may vary):
// Example of a potential heap buffer overflow scenario
size_t size = calculate_image_size(image_header); // Potentially incorrect size calculation
char *buffer = (char*) malloc(size);
if (buffer != NULL) {
read_image_data(image_data, buffer, image_size); // image_size is larger than 'size', causing overflow.
// ... further processing ...
free(buffer);
}
CVSS Analysis
The vulnerability has a CVSS v3 score of 4.3, classified as MEDIUM severity.
- CVSS v3 Score: 4.3
- Vector: AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L
- Explanation:
- AV:N (Network): The vulnerability is exploitable over a network.
- AC:L (Low): The attack complexity is low, meaning that the conditions required for a successful exploit are relatively easily achieved.
- PR:N (None): No privileges are required to perform the attack.
- UI:R (User Interaction): User interaction is required (e.g., user needs to open a malicious image).
- S:U (Unchanged): The security scope is unchanged; the vulnerable component and the impacted component are the same.
- C:N (None): There is no impact to confidentiality.
- I:N (None): There is no impact to integrity.
- A:L (Low): There is a limited impact to availability (e.g., denial-of-service).
Possible Impact
While the CVSS score indicates a medium severity, the impact can still be significant. Potential impacts include:
- Denial-of-Service (DoS): A successful exploit can cause the affected device or application to crash, resulting in a denial of service.
- Limited Information Disclosure: While the CVSS score indicates no confidentiality impact, heap overflows can sometimes lead to limited information disclosure by leaking contents of adjacent memory locations.
- Potential for Code Execution: In some cases, attackers may be able to leverage the heap overflow to achieve arbitrary code execution. While challenging, it remains a possibility, especially if the attacker has a good understanding of the heap layout.
Mitigation and Patch Steps
The primary mitigation is to apply the security update provided by Samsung in the SMR Dec-2025 Release 1. Users should update their devices to the latest software version as soon as possible.
Recommendations:
- Apply the Patch: Install the SMR Dec-2025 Release 1 security update from Samsung.
- Be Cautious: Exercise caution when opening image files from untrusted sources.
- Security Software: Ensure your device has up-to-date security software (antivirus, etc.) that can detect and prevent exploitation attempts.
