Cybersecurity Vulnerabilities

CVE-2025-65239: OpenCode Systems USSD Gateway Logs Exposed to Low-Privilege Users

Overview

CVE-2025-65239 is a medium severity vulnerability affecting OpenCode Systems USSD Gateway OC Release:5, version 6.13.11. This vulnerability stems from incorrect access control within the /aux1/ocussd/trace endpoint. Specifically, it allows attackers with low-level privileges to read sensitive server logs, potentially exposing confidential information.

Technical Details

The vulnerability resides in the inadequate access control mechanisms applied to the /aux1/ocussd/trace endpoint. By exploiting this flaw, an attacker possessing low-level credentials can access the server logs without proper authorization. The logs may contain sensitive data such as API keys, internal IP addresses, user information, or transaction details, which could be used for further malicious activities.

CVSS Analysis

  • CVSS Score: 4.3 (Medium)
  • Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N
  • Explanation: This CVSS score reflects the vulnerability’s characteristics: Network attack vector (AV:N), low attack complexity (AC:L), low privileges required (PR:L), no user interaction required (UI:N), unchanged scope (S:U), low confidentiality impact (C:L), no integrity impact (I:N), and no availability impact (A:N). While the vulnerability allows unauthorized access to sensitive information, it doesn’t directly affect system integrity or availability.

Possible Impact

Successful exploitation of CVE-2025-65239 can lead to several adverse consequences:

  • Information Disclosure: Attackers can gain access to sensitive server logs, potentially exposing confidential data.
  • Credential Theft: Logs might contain credentials or API keys, allowing attackers to gain unauthorized access to other systems or services.
  • Privilege Escalation: Information gathered from the logs could be used to escalate privileges within the USSD Gateway or related systems.
  • Compliance Violations: Exposure of sensitive data could lead to violations of data privacy regulations.

Mitigation or Patch Steps

To address CVE-2025-65239, the following mitigation steps are recommended:

  • Apply the Official Patch: Upgrade the OpenCode Systems USSD Gateway to a patched version that resolves the access control issue. Contact OpenCode Systems support for the latest available patch.
  • Implement Stronger Access Controls: Enforce strict access control policies on the /aux1/ocussd/trace endpoint. Restrict access to this endpoint to only authorized personnel who require it for legitimate administrative purposes.
  • Review and Audit Logs: Regularly review and audit access logs to identify and investigate any suspicious activity.
  • Principle of Least Privilege: Ensure all users and processes operate with the minimum privileges necessary to perform their tasks.
  • Web Application Firewall (WAF): Consider implementing a WAF to detect and block malicious requests targeting the vulnerable endpoint. Configure the WAF with rules that specifically address access control issues.

References

Cybersecurity specialist and founder of Gowri Shankar Infosec - a professional blog dedicated to sharing actionable insights on cybersecurity, data protection, server administration, and compliance frameworks including SOC 2, PCI DSS, and GDPR.

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