Overview
CVE-2025-33190 is a medium severity vulnerability identified in the SROOT firmware of NVIDIA DGX Spark GB10. This flaw allows a potential attacker to trigger an out-of-bound write, which could lead to a range of detrimental outcomes. This article provides a detailed analysis of the vulnerability, its potential impact, and recommended mitigation strategies.
Technical Details
The vulnerability stems from insufficient boundary checks within the SROOT firmware of the NVIDIA DGX Spark GB10. By exploiting this weakness, an attacker can write data beyond the allocated memory buffer. This out-of-bound write can overwrite adjacent memory regions, potentially corrupting data or overwriting executable code. The specific trigger and vulnerable function are detailed in NVIDIA’s security advisory (see references).
CVSS Analysis
The Common Vulnerability Scoring System (CVSS) score for CVE-2025-33190 is 6.7 (Medium). This score reflects the following characteristics:
- Attack Vector: Network (AV:N) or Local (AV:L) – Depends on exploit implementation and system configuration
- Attack Complexity: High (AC:H)
- Privileges Required: Low (PR:L)
- User Interaction: None (UI:N)
- Scope: Changed (S:C)
- Confidentiality Impact: Low (C:L)
- Integrity Impact: High (I:H)
- Availability Impact: High (A:H)
The medium severity rating is due to the complexity required to exploit the vulnerability and the required privileges being low. However, successful exploitation could lead to significant impacts on integrity and availability.
Possible Impact
A successful exploit of CVE-2025-33190 could result in the following:
- Code Execution: The attacker could potentially execute arbitrary code on the affected system.
- Data Tampering: Critical system data could be modified, leading to unpredictable behavior and system instability.
- Denial of Service (DoS): The system could become unstable or crash, resulting in a denial of service.
- Escalation of Privileges: An attacker with limited privileges could potentially gain elevated privileges on the system.
Mitigation or Patch Steps
The recommended mitigation strategy is to apply the security update provided by NVIDIA. Follow these steps:
- Identify Affected Systems: Determine which NVIDIA DGX Spark GB10 systems are running the vulnerable SROOT firmware.
- Download the Patch: Obtain the appropriate patch from the NVIDIA Customer Support portal (see references).
- Apply the Update: Carefully follow the instructions provided by NVIDIA to apply the patch. Ensure you back up your system before applying any updates.
- Verify the Update: After applying the update, verify that the SROOT firmware version has been updated to the patched version, as detailed in the NVIDIA advisory.
