Overview
CVE-2025-60633 describes a vulnerability found in Free5GC versions 4.0.0 and 4.0.1. This vulnerability allows a remote attacker to potentially trigger a denial-of-service (DoS) condition by exploiting the Nudm_SubscriberDataManagement API. While the CVSS score and severity are currently listed as N/A, understanding the potential impact and implementing preventative measures is crucial for maintaining the availability of Free5GC-based networks.
Technical Details
The specific details of how the Nudm_SubscriberDataManagement API is exploited to cause the denial of service are not fully documented in the CVE entry itself. However, the associated GitHub issues provide more context. Analyzing Issue #700, Issue #701, Issue #702, and Issue #703 on the Free5GC GitHub repository is essential for a complete understanding of the attack vector. These issues may describe the exact nature of the malformed requests or unexpected API usage that leads to resource exhaustion or service disruption. Further research into the code related to the Nudm_SubscriberDataManagement API is recommended.
CVSS Analysis
Currently, CVE-2025-60633 has a CVSS score of N/A. This likely indicates that the vulnerability is either newly discovered or that the impact and exploitability haven’t been fully assessed yet. A complete CVSS analysis would require details such as the attack vector (network, adjacent network, local, or physical), attack complexity (low, high), privileges required (none, low, high), user interaction (none, required), scope (unchanged, changed), confidentiality impact (none, low, high), integrity impact (none, low, high), and availability impact (none, low, high). Given the denial-of-service nature, the availability impact would likely be significant.
Possible Impact
A successful exploitation of this vulnerability could lead to a denial-of-service condition affecting the Free5GC core network. This means that subscribers might be unable to access 5G services, potentially disrupting critical applications and communication. The impact can range from temporary service outages to significant network downtime, depending on the scale and persistence of the attack. In a production environment, this can have severe consequences, impacting businesses, emergency services, and other essential sectors that rely on 5G connectivity.
Mitigation or Patch Steps
Since this is a recently disclosed vulnerability, the immediate mitigation steps are crucial. Monitor the Free5GC GitHub repository for official patches or updates. Implement the following steps:
- Apply Patches: Regularly check for and apply security patches released by the Free5GC project as soon as they become available.
- Input Validation: Implement strict input validation for all data received by the Nudm_SubscriberDataManagement API to prevent malformed requests from reaching vulnerable code.
- Rate Limiting: Implement rate limiting on the Nudm_SubscriberDataManagement API to prevent attackers from overwhelming the service with requests.
- Network Segmentation: Isolate the Free5GC core network from other networks to limit the potential impact of a successful attack.
- Monitoring: Implement robust monitoring of the Free5GC core network to detect suspicious activity and potential attacks.
