Overview
CVE-2025-48510 is a high-severity security vulnerability affecting AMD uProf. This vulnerability stems from an improper return value, which allows a local attacker to bypass Kernel Space Layout Randomization (KSLR). Successful exploitation of this vulnerability could lead to a loss of confidentiality or availability of the affected system.
Technical Details
The vulnerability lies within the error handling or return value logic of a specific function in AMD uProf. A malformed input or unexpected condition can cause the function to return an incorrect value that is not properly validated by the calling function. This allows an attacker with local access to the system to exploit this condition and bypass KSLR. By bypassing KSLR, attackers can more easily locate and exploit other vulnerabilities in the kernel, potentially leading to code execution or information disclosure.
CVSS Analysis
The Common Vulnerability Scoring System (CVSS) assigns CVE-2025-48510 a score of 7.1 (HIGH).
- Base Score: 7.1
- Vector: (This would normally be the CVSS vector string, which isn’t provided, but would break down the attack vector, complexity, privileges required, user interaction, scope, confidentiality impact, integrity impact, and availability impact). An example would be: AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H
Possible Impact
The potential impact of exploiting CVE-2025-48510 is significant:
- KSLR Bypass: The primary impact is the circumvention of KSLR, a critical security mechanism.
- Loss of Confidentiality: Attackers could gain access to sensitive kernel data that would otherwise be protected by address space randomization.
- Loss of Availability: Successful exploitation could lead to system crashes or denial-of-service conditions.
- Privilege Escalation (Potential): While the description only explicitly mentions confidentiality and availability, a KSLR bypass significantly lowers the bar for privilege escalation, making it easier to exploit other kernel vulnerabilities for full system control.
Mitigation and Patch Steps
AMD has released a security bulletin addressing this vulnerability. It is highly recommended to apply the provided patch or upgrade to the latest version of AMD uProf as soon as possible.
- Identify Affected Systems: Determine which systems are running the vulnerable versions of AMD uProf.
- Download and Install the Patch: Obtain the patch or updated version of AMD uProf from the official AMD website (see references below).
- Verify Installation: After applying the patch, verify that the vulnerability is resolved by checking the updated version number or using available testing tools.
- Monitor for Anomalous Activity: Continue to monitor affected systems for any signs of exploitation.
