Overview
CVE-2025-12056 describes an out-of-bounds read vulnerability identified in Shelly Pro 3EM devices, specifically in versions prior to v1.4.4. This vulnerability could allow an attacker to potentially read sensitive information from the device’s memory due to insufficient bounds checking when handling specific data inputs. The discovery was reported and analyzed by Nozomi Networks.
Technical Details
The vulnerability, classified as an Out-of-Bounds Read, arises from a flaw in how the Shelly Pro 3EM firmware handles certain input data. Specifically, the device fails to properly validate the size or boundaries of data being accessed, leading to the possibility of reading memory locations outside of the intended buffer. This overread can potentially expose sensitive information such as configuration settings, credentials, or other internal data that could be leveraged for further malicious activity.
The specific trigger and impacted code section require detailed reverse engineering and vulnerability analysis. The report from Nozomi Networks provides the most comprehensive technical details.
CVSS Analysis
Currently, the CVE entry lists the severity as N/A and the CVSS score as N/A. This usually indicates the vulnerability is either new, awaiting further analysis to determine its precise impact and exploitability or the data isn’t yet available. Once a CVSS score is available, this section will be updated with the base score, vector string, and an explanation of its implications. However, regardless of the initial CVSS score, it’s important to address this vulnerability proactively, given the potential for information disclosure.
Possible Impact
Although the CVSS score is currently N/A, the potential impact of an out-of-bounds read vulnerability can be significant:
- Information Disclosure: An attacker could potentially gain access to sensitive information stored in the device’s memory, such as configuration details, network credentials, or other internal data.
- Privilege Escalation: Leaked credentials or configuration data could potentially allow an attacker to escalate privileges and gain further control over the device.
- Device Instability: In some cases, triggering the vulnerability could lead to unexpected device behavior or even crashes.
Given the potential for these outcomes, it is crucial to implement the recommended mitigations promptly.
Mitigation and Patch Steps
The recommended mitigation is to update the Shelly Pro 3EM device to firmware version v1.4.4 or later. This version contains a patch that addresses the out-of-bounds read vulnerability.
- Check your current firmware version: Access the Shelly Pro 3EM device’s web interface or mobile application to determine the current firmware version.
- Download the latest firmware: Obtain the latest firmware (v1.4.4 or later) from the official Shelly website or through the device’s update mechanism.
- Apply the update: Follow the instructions provided by Shelly to update the device’s firmware. Ensure the update process is not interrupted.
- Verify the update: After the update is complete, verify that the device is running the correct firmware version.
It is also recommended to follow security best practices for IoT devices, such as using strong passwords, enabling two-factor authentication where possible, and regularly monitoring network traffic for suspicious activity.
