CVE-2025-65023: Critical SQL Injection Flaw Imperils i-Educar School Management Systems

Overview

CVE-2025-65023 is a high-severity vulnerability affecting i-Educar, a free and fully online school management software. This vulnerability is classified as a time-based SQL injection and exists within the ieducar/intranet/funcionario_vinculo_cad.php script. Successful exploitation allows an authenticated attacker to execute arbitrary SQL commands against the application’s database, potentially leading to data breaches, unauthorized access, and system compromise.

Technical Details

The vulnerability stems from improper handling of the cod_funcionario_vinculo GET parameter within the ieducar/intranet/funcionario_vinculo_cad.php script. Specifically, the value of this parameter is directly concatenated into an SQL query without sufficient sanitization or validation. An attacker with an authenticated session can manipulate this parameter to inject malicious SQL code. The time-based aspect indicates that the attacker can infer the results of the injection based on the time it takes for the query to execute, enabling blind data extraction.

CVSS Analysis

The CVSS score for CVE-2025-65023 is 7.2, indicating a high severity vulnerability. This score reflects the following factors:

• Attack Vector: Network
• Attack Complexity: Low
• Privileges Required: Low (Authenticated user)
• User Interaction: None
• Scope: Changed
• Confidentiality Impact: High
• Integrity Impact: High
• Availability Impact: High

The low attack complexity and the requirement for only low privileges (an authenticated user) make this vulnerability relatively easy to exploit.

Possible Impact

Successful exploitation of CVE-2025-65023 can have severe consequences, including:

• Data Breach: Sensitive student, teacher, and administrative data could be exposed.
• Unauthorized Access: Attackers could gain administrative privileges and control over the i-Educar system.
• Data Manipulation: Modification or deletion of critical data within the database.
• System Compromise: The attacker could potentially use the database server as a foothold to compromise other systems on the network.
• Reputational Damage: A successful attack could severely damage the reputation of the affected educational institution.

Mitigation and Patch Steps

The vulnerability has been patched in commit a00dfa3. It is highly recommended that all i-Educar users running versions 2.10.0 or prior upgrade to a version containing this patch immediately. Administrators should:

1. Apply the Patch: Upgrade i-Educar to the latest version available on the official i-Educar website or through their update channels.
2. Verify the Patch: After upgrading, verify that the commit a00dfa3 has been successfully applied.
3. Review Logs: Examine application and database logs for any suspicious activity that might indicate past exploitation attempts.
4. Implement Web Application Firewall (WAF) Rules: Consider implementing WAF rules to detect and block potential SQL injection attacks targeting the cod_funcionario_vinculo parameter.

References

i-Educar Patch Commit (a00dfa3)
GitHub Security Advisory GHSA-8rv6-x8h9-fjfc