Overview
CVE-2025-63213 describes a critical Remote Code Execution (RCE) vulnerability affecting QVidium Opera11 devices running firmware version 2.9.0-Ax4x-opera11. This vulnerability allows a remote attacker to execute arbitrary commands with root privileges by exploiting improper input validation in the /cgi-bin/net_ping.cgi endpoint. Successful exploitation of this vulnerability grants the attacker complete control over the affected device.
Technical Details
The vulnerability stems from insufficient input validation on the /cgi-bin/net_ping.cgi endpoint. An attacker can craft a malicious GET request, injecting arbitrary commands into a parameter that is subsequently executed by the system. Because these commands are executed with root privileges, the attacker gains complete system access.
Specifically, the vulnerable endpoint does not properly sanitize or validate user-supplied input, allowing command injection techniques to be employed. By inserting shell metacharacters into the vulnerable parameter, an attacker can execute commands beyond the intended functionality of the ping utility. This allows for activities such as installing malware, creating backdoors, and exfiltrating sensitive data.
CVSS Analysis
Currently, a CVSS score for CVE-2025-63213 is not available. However, given the potential for Remote Code Execution with root privileges, it is highly likely that it will receive a critical severity rating once assessed.
This is because:
- Attack Vector: Network (AV:N) – The vulnerability is exploitable remotely.
- Attack Complexity: Low (AC:L) – Exploitation requires little to no specialized knowledge.
- Privileges Required: None (PR:N) – No prior authentication is needed.
- User Interaction: None (UI:N) – No user interaction is required.
- Scope: Changed (S:C) – Exploitation can affect components beyond the vulnerable component itself.
- Confidentiality Impact: High (C:H) – An attacker can read sensitive information.
- Integrity Impact: High (I:H) – An attacker can modify system configurations and files.
- Availability Impact: High (A:H) – An attacker can disrupt or completely halt system operations.
Possible Impact
The successful exploitation of CVE-2025-63213 can have severe consequences:
- Complete System Compromise: Attackers gain full control over the QVidium Opera11 device.
- Data Breach: Sensitive data stored on the device or accessible through the device can be stolen.
- Malware Installation: The device can be infected with malware, potentially spreading to other devices on the network.
- Denial of Service (DoS): The device can be rendered unusable, disrupting critical services.
- Lateral Movement: Attackers can use the compromised device as a foothold to attack other systems on the network.
Mitigation and Patch Steps
The most effective mitigation is to apply the security patch released by QVidium, if available. Check the QVidium support website for the latest firmware updates.
In the meantime, consider the following temporary mitigations:
- Network Segmentation: Isolate the QVidium Opera11 device from other critical systems on the network to limit the potential impact of a breach.
- Access Control Lists (ACLs): Restrict access to the
/cgi-bin/net_ping.cgiendpoint to only authorized IP addresses or networks. - Web Application Firewall (WAF): Implement a WAF to filter out malicious requests targeting the vulnerable endpoint.
- Monitor Network Traffic: Implement intrusion detection and prevention systems (IDS/IPS) to detect and block suspicious activity targeting the QVidium Opera11 device.
