Overview
A critical security vulnerability, identified as CVE-2025-63218, has been discovered in Axel Technology WOLF1MS and WOLF2MS devices. Specifically, firmware versions 0.8.5 through 1.0.3 are affected. This vulnerability is classified as Broken Access Control due to missing authentication on a specific endpoint, potentially allowing unauthenticated remote attackers to gain complete control of the device.
Technical Details
The root cause of CVE-2025-63218 lies in the lack of authentication required to access the /cgi-bin/gstFcgi.fcgi endpoint. This unprotected endpoint allows attackers to perform highly sensitive actions without proper authorization. Attackers can exploit this flaw to:
- List user accounts
- Create new administrative users
- Delete existing users
- Modify critical system settings
The vulnerability exists because the device fails to properly validate user credentials before granting access to administrative functionalities accessible through the /cgi-bin/gstFcgi.fcgi endpoint.
CVSS Analysis
Currently, a CVSS score has not yet been assigned to CVE-2025-63218. However, based on the potential impact, it is highly likely to receive a critical score (9.0-10.0) due to the possibility of full device compromise by unauthenticated attackers.
Possible Impact
The exploitation of CVE-2025-63218 can lead to severe consequences, including:
- Full Device Compromise: Attackers gain complete control over the WOLF1MS or WOLF2MS device.
- Data Breach: Sensitive data stored or processed by the device may be exposed.
- Denial of Service (DoS): Attackers can disable or disrupt the functionality of the device.
- Lateral Movement: Compromised devices can be used as a foothold to attack other systems on the same network.
- Supply Chain Attacks: Compromised devices could be used to inject malicious code into media streams, leading to further compromise.
Mitigation and Patch Steps
The following steps are recommended to mitigate the risk associated with CVE-2025-63218:
- Apply the Patch: Upgrade the WOLF1MS/WOLF2MS device firmware to a version that addresses this vulnerability. Contact Axel Technology for the latest firmware updates. Visit Axel Technology’s website for support and downloads.
- Network Segmentation: Isolate the WOLF1MS/WOLF2MS devices on a separate network segment with strict access control policies.
- Monitor Network Traffic: Implement network monitoring solutions to detect suspicious activity and potential exploitation attempts targeting the
/cgi-bin/gstFcgi.fcgiendpoint. - Disable Unnecessary Services: Disable any unnecessary services running on the device to reduce the attack surface.
- Vendor Communication: Stay informed about the latest security advisories and updates from Axel Technology.
