Overview
A critical vulnerability, identified as CVE-2025-8727, has been discovered in the Baseboard Management Controller (BMC) web interface of Supermicro MBD-X13SEDW-F motherboards. This vulnerability allows a remote attacker, after successfully authenticating to the BMC web server, to trigger a stack buffer overflow by sending a specially crafted payload. This could lead to remote code execution or denial of service.
Technical Details
The vulnerability exists within the BMC’s web function responsible for processing specific HTTP requests. An attacker can exploit this by sending a crafted request to a vulnerable endpoint. The payload is designed to overwrite data on the stack, potentially leading to the execution of arbitrary code with the privileges of the BMC. The specific vulnerable endpoint and the details of the payload are outlined in Supermicro’s security advisory.
Affected Product: Supermicro MBD-X13SEDW-F
Vulnerability Type: Stack Buffer Overflow
Attack Vector: Remote, requires authentication
CVSS Analysis
This vulnerability has been assigned a CVSS v3 score of 7.2 (HIGH). This score reflects the potential for significant impact, considering:
- Attack Vector: Network (AV:N)
- Attack Complexity: Low (AC:L)
- Privileges Required: High (PR:H)
- User Interaction: None (UI:N)
- Scope: Changed (S:C)
- Confidentiality Impact: High (C:H)
- Integrity Impact: High (I:H)
- Availability Impact: High (A:H)
While authentication is required, the high impact across confidentiality, integrity, and availability makes this a critical issue.
Possible Impact
Successful exploitation of CVE-2025-8727 can have severe consequences:
- Remote Code Execution: An attacker could execute arbitrary code on the BMC, potentially gaining complete control over the server’s management interface.
- Denial of Service (DoS): The overflow could crash the BMC, leading to a denial of service and preventing administrators from remotely managing the server.
- Privilege Escalation: An attacker could leverage the vulnerability to gain higher privileges within the system.
- Data Theft: Compromised BMC access can lead to access and exfiltration of sensitive data managed by the BMC.
- Malware Implant: An attacker may implant malware onto the BMC, potentially persisting even through system reboots.
Mitigation or Patch Steps
Supermicro has released a security advisory addressing this vulnerability. Immediate action is required to protect your systems:
- Apply the Patch: Download and install the latest BMC firmware update from the Supermicro Support Website as soon as possible. Refer to the advisory for specific firmware versions.
- Network Segmentation: Isolate the BMC network from the general network. Implement strict access control lists (ACLs) to limit access to the BMC interface.
- Strong Passwords: Ensure strong, unique passwords are used for all BMC accounts. Implement multi-factor authentication (MFA) if available.
- Monitor BMC Logs: Regularly review BMC logs for suspicious activity.
- Disable Unused Features: Disable any unused BMC features or services to reduce the attack surface.
