Overview
A medium-severity SQL injection vulnerability, identified as CVE-2025-13171, has been discovered in ZZCMS 2023. This flaw allows a remote attacker to execute arbitrary SQL commands by manipulating the keyword argument in the /admin/wangkan_list.php file. The vulnerability is publicly known and actively exploitable, posing a significant risk to systems running affected versions of ZZCMS.
Technical Details
The vulnerability lies within the /admin/wangkan_list.php file of ZZCMS 2023. Improper sanitization of user-supplied input in the keyword parameter allows attackers to inject malicious SQL code. This injected code can then be executed by the database server, potentially allowing the attacker to read, modify, or delete sensitive data, or even gain control of the underlying system. The publicly available exploit makes exploitation straightforward.
CVSS Analysis
The Common Vulnerability Scoring System (CVSS) score for CVE-2025-13171 is 6.3 (Medium). This score reflects the following characteristics:
- Attack Vector (AV): Network (N) – The vulnerability can be exploited remotely over the network.
- Attack Complexity (AC): Low (L) – The vulnerability is relatively easy to exploit.
- Privileges Required (PR): None (N) – No privileges are required to exploit the vulnerability.
- User Interaction (UI): None (N) – No user interaction is required to exploit the vulnerability.
- Scope (S): Unchanged (U) – An exploited vulnerability can only affect resources managed by the same security authority.
- Confidentiality Impact (C): Low (L) – There is some loss of confidentiality.
- Integrity Impact (I): Low (L) – There is some loss of integrity.
- Availability Impact (A): Low (L) – There is some loss of availability.
Possible Impact
Successful exploitation of CVE-2025-13171 can lead to:
- Data breaches: Unauthorized access to sensitive information stored in the ZZCMS database.
- Data manipulation: Modification or deletion of critical data, leading to data corruption and system instability.
- Account compromise: Gaining unauthorized access to user accounts, including administrator accounts.
- System takeover: In severe cases, attackers could potentially gain complete control of the server hosting ZZCMS.
Mitigation and Patch Steps
To mitigate the risk posed by CVE-2025-13171, the following steps are recommended:
- Apply the Patch: The most effective solution is to update ZZCMS to a patched version that addresses the SQL injection vulnerability. Check the official ZZCMS website for updates and security advisories. If an official patch isn’t yet available, monitor the vendor for its release.
- Input Validation: Implement robust input validation and sanitization techniques on all user-supplied data, especially the
keywordparameter in/admin/wangkan_list.php. Use parameterized queries or prepared statements to prevent SQL injection attacks. - Web Application Firewall (WAF): Deploy a Web Application Firewall (WAF) to detect and block malicious requests attempting to exploit the vulnerability. Configure the WAF with rules to prevent SQL injection attacks.
- Least Privilege Principle: Ensure that the database user account used by ZZCMS has only the necessary privileges required for its operation. Avoid granting excessive permissions that could be exploited by an attacker.
- Regular Security Audits: Conduct regular security audits and penetration testing to identify and address potential vulnerabilities in your ZZCMS installation and other web applications.
